Spanish Mythology, or Iberian Mythology, refers to the myths and legends from the Iberian Peninsula, home to Spain and Portugal. Influenced by a variety of cultures including the Romans, Visigoths, Celts, and Moors, this mythology is a rich tapestry of diverse traditions and stories.
Major Deities and Figures
- Mari: A goddess from Basque mythology, often seen as the personification of Earth.
- Cernunnos: Known in Celtic mythology, also revered in Iberia, as the horned god of fertility and animals.
- Santiago Matamoros: St. James the Moor-slayer, a legendary figure and patron saint of Spain.
- La Santa Compaña: A procession of the dead or souls in purgatory, a common theme in Galician folklore.
Folk Beliefs and Legends
- The Legend of the Seven Infantes of Lara: A story of family feuds, revenge, and tragedy.
- El Cid: The national hero of Spain, Rodrigo Díaz de Vivar, known as El Cid, who fought against the Moors.
Cultural Festivals and Traditions
- Festivals like Las Fallas and La Tomatina have roots in local folklore and historical events.
- The Way of St. James (Camino de Santiago) is a pilgrimage with deep historical and mythological significance.
Influence of Roman and Moorish Mythology
- The Roman and Moorish conquests brought new myths and legends, which intermingled with the local folklore.
- Many Roman deities and Moorish tales became part of the Spanish mythological tapestry.
Regional Variations
- Different regions of Spain have their unique myths and legends, reflecting the diverse cultural landscape of the country.
Modern Influence
- Spanish mythology continues to influence the nation’s literature, art, and cultural celebrations.
- It provides a deep insight into the historical and cultural development of Spain over the centuries.