Short sound = dot (·), long = dash (−). SOS (··· −−− ···) is the international distress signal.
Letters like B, D, E and P sound alike over a crackly radio, so operators use code words instead.
🇨🇦Licencein Canada you pass a Basic Qualification exam (any age!)
🔤Call signCanadian ones start with VA, VE or VY, like VE3XYZ
🌍Worldwidebounce signals off the ionosphere to other continents
🛰️Spacetalk to astronauts on the International Space Station
🚨Emergencieshams pass messages when phones and power fail
📻QSOa conversation between two stations