Celtic Mythology encompasses the myths and legends of the Celtic peoples of Western Europe. It’s notably rich in enchanting tales, magical creatures, and brave heroes, reflecting the beliefs and cultural practices of the Celts, especially those in Ireland, Scotland, Wales, and Brittany.
Major Gods and Goddesses
- The Dagda: Known as the “Good God,” he is a father figure, a protector of the tribe, and a symbol of masculinity.
- Morrigan: Goddess of war, fate, and death. She is often depicted as a trio of goddesses.
- Branwen: Goddess of love and beauty.
- Cernunnos: Horned god of nature, animals, fertility, and the underworld.
- Brigid: Goddess of healing, the hearth, and smithcraft.
- Lugh: God of the sun, light, and skilled arts.
- Danu: The mother goddess, representing the earth and fertility.
Mythical Cycles
- The Mythological Cycle: Focuses on the pantheon of deities and their interactions with other worlds.
- The Ulster Cycle: Contains tales of heroic figures like Cú Chulainn and King Conchobar.
- The Fenian Cycle: Centers on the stories of Fionn mac Cumhaill and the Fianna.
- The Historical Cycle: Blends mythology and historical narratives.
Famous Myths and Legends
- The Children of Lir: A tale of jealousy, magic, and transformation.
- The Tale of Cú Chulainn: The story of a great warrior in Ulster cycle.
- The Arthurian Legends: While often considered separate, these are heavily influenced by Celtic mythology.
Celtic Creatures and Heroes
- Fairies: Known as the Aos Sí, these magical beings play a significant role in Celtic folklore.
- Cú Chulainn: The greatest warrior of the Ulster cycle, known for his supernatural strength and skills.
- Fionn mac Cumhaill: A central figure in the Fenian Cycle, known for his wisdom and leadership.
Cultural and Artistic Influence
- Celtic mythology has profoundly influenced poetry, literature, and arts in Western Europe.
- Celtic knotwork, symbols, and motifs, inspired by mythology, are a significant part of Celtic art.
- The revival of interest in Celtic mythology during the Celtic Revival influenced many writers and artists in the 19th and 20th centuries.